Journal: STAR Protocols

Article Title: Protocol for artificial intelligence-guided neural control using deep reinforcement learning and infrared neural stimulation

doi: 10.1016/j.xpro.2024.103496

Figure Lengend Snippet: Description of the implantation procedure (A) Situate the animal in a stereotaxic frame using hollow ear bars. (B) After contact sterilization, create an incision down midline to reveal cranial sutures. Create a craniectomy above MGB (−6 mm A.P., −3.5 mm M.L.). Place 4 bone screws equidistant around the MGB craniectomy. One bone screw (shown in gold) is a titanium bone screw to serve as recording electrode ground and reference. (C) Reflect the temporalis muscle over the cranial ridge and off the side of the skull. Care should be taken to prevent blunt dissection of the muscle. Accidental dissection of the muscle runs the risk of severing the supraorbital nerve, leading to inability to close eyelid after recovery. (D) Side profile of skull above A1. Create a 2 × 2 mm craniectomy above A1 by repeated thinning of skull around a square area. The skull flap can then be removed using a micro Friedman rongeur. (E) Gently remove the dura above A1 using a bent tip 25G needle. Dura can be seen as a reflective membrane which can be gently hooked by the needle. Once hooked, the dura can be removed by gently pulling the needle away from the brain. (F) Tie electrode ground and reference wire to the titanium bone screw using Teflon tweezers. Suture knots should be made to ensure wires make solid contact with the bone screw. (G) Place the recording electrode at 500 μ m into A1. Start applying Gaussian noise burst stimuli to the contralateral ear through the hollow ear bars. Slowly advance the array until consistent, low latency multiunit responses are seen on some of the recording electrodes. This is indicative of putative placement of the device into layer III/IV. (H) Seal recording electrode into place by first applying Kwik-Sil around the electrode to act as a dental sealant, followed by dental acrylic around the electrode. Note that Kwik-Sil only provides a loose connection, and the device should only be removed from electrode holder after dental acrylic has dried. (I) Implant the fiber optrode into the MGB (D.V. −6 mm). Connect the optrode to the stereotaxic frame and position the optrode above the surface of the brain. Slowly advance the optrode until the desired depth is reached. (J) Seal the optrode into place using dental acrylic. Complete the headcap by placing the recording interface on top of the skull at a distance from the optrode and sealed to the skull using dental acrylic. Recording electrode ribbon cable and structural bone screws should be placed entirely under dental acrylic. A purse string suture is then placed around the headcap to facilitate healing. Figure was created using BioRender ( www.biorender.com ) under a publication license.

Article Snippet: Titanium reference bone screw , Thomas RECORDING , AN000583.

Techniques: Dissection, Membrane

Journal: STAR Protocols

Article Title: Protocol for artificial intelligence-guided neural control using deep reinforcement learning and infrared neural stimulation

doi: 10.1016/j.xpro.2024.103496

Figure Lengend Snippet:

Article Snippet: Titanium reference bone screw , Thomas RECORDING , AN000583.

Techniques: Recombinant, Software, Control, Microscopy